Peter Martyr Vermigli's earliest biblical commentary to survive is his lectures on the Book of Lamentations. As a refugee from Catholic Italy, Martyr sympathizes with the Hebrew poet, who looks over the devastation of Jerusalem. The Introduction gives a precis of Christian Hebraism and pays particular attention to the Bomberg Bible. The notes highlight Martyr's allusions to the Jewish commentators of that Bible. Peter Martyr Vermigli (1499-1562) is considered to be one of the most important Italian reformers of the early modern period. Martyr is the subject of renewed interest for historical and theological scholars. The Peter Martyr Library, a series of critical English translations of the chief works of Peter Martyr Vermigli, allows his own words in context to speak for themselves.