If you are a newcomer to programming it's easy to get lost in the technical jargon, before even getting to the language you want to learn. These are topics many programming guides don't cover, as they are assumed to be general knowledge to most developers. That is why this guide has been created. It is the ultimate primer to all programming languages. This guide has specifically been created for someone who is completely new to programming. We cover all the concepts, terms, programming paradigms and coding techniques that every beginner should know. This guide will form the foundation for all future programming languages you may encounter. It doesn't focus on merely one specific language, but rather the principles that apply to all programming languages. Emphasis has been placed on beginner-friendly descriptions, supported by working code samples from the most popular languages, such as C#, Java and Python, to help illustrate concepts and terms.