Why does Ethnic Mindset define Elections in Nigeria, shape Party membership, determine voting pattern during elections? Between 1999 and 2011, 4 National elections were conducted and the voting pattern in the three major tribes suggest strong influence of Primordial Cleavages in Political Calculation of the people. The research is both analytical, historical and comparative. The focus is on how Ethnic and religious balancing influenced elections, the Composition of each elected government and all the Institutions of Democracy in the country. The book will be of significant value to Nigerians and all those interested in knowing why Democracy in Nigeria remained unstable and ethnic defined.