Since manufacturing has acquired industrial relevance, the problem of adequately sizing manufacturing plants has always been discussed and has represented a difficult problem for the enterprises, which prepare strategic plans to competitively operate in the market. Manufact- ing capacity is quite expensive and its exploitation and planning must be carefully designed in order to avoid large wastes, or to preserve the survival of enterprises in the market. Indeed a good choice of ma- facturing capacity can result in improved performance in terms of cost, innovativeness, flexibility, quality and service delivery. Unfortunately the capacity planning problem is not easy to solve because of the lack of clarity in the decisional process, the large number of variables involved, the high correlation among variables and the high level of uncertainty that inevitably affects decisions. The aim of this book is to provide a framework and specific methods and tools for the selection and configuration of capacity of Advanced Manufacturing Systems (AMS). In particular this book defines an - chitecture where the multidisciplinary aspects of the designofAMSare properly organized and addressed. The tool will support the decisi- maker in the definition of the configuration of the system which is best suited for the particular competitive context where the firm operates or wants tooperate. Thisbookisofinterest for academic researchers in the fieldofind- trial engineering and particularly indicated in the areas of operations and manufacturing strategy.