Irby demonstrates how subtle echoes – such as the structure into 12 books, arming scenes, epic catalogues, and , lying tales, Toad’s "cleverness"—cumulatively suggest a link between and classical literature. This study offers the first sustained treatment of classical allusions in , considering the entire novel, not isolated scenes, building on existing scholarship to yield an interpretation through the lens of classical literature and its reception in Victorian and Edwardian England. This volume will provide a unique resource for students and scholars of classical reception and literature, as well as comparative literature, English literature, children’s literature, gender studies, and Grahame’s writing.