This book elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to materials science and engineering. It is an interdisciplinary field of science which involves the study of structures of materials and their mechanisms. Its applications vary across a number of scientific fields and industries such as studying the formation of new metals, construction of alloys, study of nanostructures, etc. This book is compiled to provide a detailed overview of some upcoming concepts related to the field of materials science. It also elaborates the modern advancements that are taking place within scientific research. With its comprehensive language and extensive use of examples, this book will serve as a valuable source of knowledge to students and experts alike.