This broad interest text describes how our current understanding of the interiors of the stars came about, beginning in 1870. It starts by discussing the development of our knowledge of the inside of the Sun, and continues on to compare the Sun's and other stars' properties and then discusses how stars form, evolve, and die. The book describes the properties of a variety of stars with special characteristics, and it ends with a discussion of the first stars that formed after the Big Bang. Aiming to show how interesting scientific investigations can encourage young men and women to pursue STEM careers, this book also underscores the role women have played in the development of our understanding.