This collection of essays presents a stimulating and challenging examination of the nature of institutional adjustment, its history and its future, its problems and its purposes. The focus is on the pioneer work done by the late Clarence Ayres, of the University of Texas, in the study of the processes of change and growth and the nature of modern industrialized economies. The opening essay, a provocative discussion of "The Theory of Institutional Adjustment," is Ayres's contribution. The succeeding essays examine several aspects of institutional adjustment: These essays were originally read at a conference sponsored by the Department of Economics of the University of Texas at Austin in April and May of 1965.