to Bioinformatics A Theoretical and Practical Approach Edited by Stephen A. Krawetz, PhD Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit MI and David D. Womble, PhD Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI ~ Springer Science+ ~ Business Media, LLC © 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Humana Press !ne. in 2003 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1 st edition 2003 humanapress.com Ali rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, phoopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise without written permission from the Publisher. Ali papers, comments, opinions, conclusions, or recommendations are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. This publication is printed on acid-free paper. G) ANSI Z39.48-1984 (American Standards Institute) Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. Production Editor: Mark J. Breaugh. Cover design by Patricia F. Cleary and Paul A. Thiessen. Cover illustration by Paul A. Thiessen, chemicalgraphics.com.