Digital image processing and analysis covers large topics such as image acquisition, image pre-processing, enhancement, segmentation and classification. Medical image segmentation and analysis algorithms differ from traditional images due to their basic nature of image characteristics. In this work the authors discussed the elementary image segmentation concepts and used the elementary and advanced techniques to segment and analyze the medical images. Different image segmentation techniques like color characteristic based segmentation and analysis, watershed segmentation techniques, active contours and graph based methods are applied for segmentation and results are presented here.