This book was conceived in the final semester of the master's program in Linguistics and Communication. One of our professors mentioned, without much detail or enthusiasm, the term polyphony, which immediately attracted my attention. He also alluded to the author of this concept, Mikhail Bakhtin, a Russian philologist with an eventful life who developed his brilliant theories while circumventing the iron control exercised over original and innovative ideas by the sinister Stalinist dictatorship. His life was novel because it was shrouded in mystery, even his authorship of polyphony and his main books had been questioned. He was accused of plagiarism, of having appropriated the intellectual production of his confreres of the linguistic circle of ... This is an irresolvable controversy at this point and does not detract from the importance and transcendence of this intellectual who elucidated his main ideas by fighting against personal physical adversities and an obscurantist and repressive environment, perhaps the worst after the Inquisition in the Middle Ages. He died without enjoying the prestige and glory he should have reaped for his brilliant ideas.