Explore the intricate history of South Arabian tribes during the transformative period preceding Islam and their subsequent Islamization. Delve into the political and cultural shifts, including transitions from polytheism to monotheism, political fragmentation, and external conquests by empires like Ethiopia and the Sassanids. This in-depth analysis spans the 6th and 7th centuries CE, encompassing the Wars of the Apostasy, and sheds light on the Arabization and loss of distinct identity experienced by these tribes under the Islamic caliphate. Drawing from pre-Islamic inscriptions and medieval Islamic historiography, this research unveils the dynamic relationships and profound changes that shaped the destiny of South Arabian tribes.