in the sixteenth-century Anabaptist movement. Yet during his era he was one of the most important Anabaptist leaders in the Low Countries of Europe. Even before the fall of Munster in June 1535, Joris was a consistent advocate of Anabaptist nonviolence, and well into the 1540s he competed successfully with Menno Simons for followers. a series of Anabaptist and Free Church documents translated and annotated under the direction of the Institute of Mennonite Studies.