The need for functional material is an important issue in the modern world as they play a significant role in our everyday life. New materials are used in technological advancements such as optical, magnetic, structural, or catalytic capabilities. Due to their high importance and significance in our life, many schools offer material chemistry courses and programs around the world. However, there is still a need for a textbook that covers different materials from both structure and property perspective. This book provides in-depth technical knowledge on material chemistry and their applications. It includes fundamental and history of material, as well as chemistry and application of common advanced materials. It has 8 chapters covering fundamentals of materials chemistry, solid materials, semiconductors, polymers, carbon materials, nanomaterials, composites and finally, common material characterization techniques. The information presented in this book is useful for chemistry, physics, and engineering students. It is also particularly valuable for industry researchers as a starting point for learning about materials.