In this updated and significantly expanded second edition of "The Mössbauer Effect", an introduction to the Mössbauer effect is provided for the non-specialist with a general background in undergraduate physics. A wide variety of Mössbauer applications are covered. These include general relativity, as well as the physical and chemical properties of materials. Applications in other fields including mineralogy, archaeology, space science, and biology are discussed. The book also contains descriptions of some more advanced Mössbauer spectroscopic techniques, such as ion implantation and synchrotron radiation based Mössbauer spectroscopy. This second edition includes a new chapter on experimental methods and updated and greatly expanded material on applications of the Mössbauer effect.