One of the major issues surrounding the last Inter-governmental Conference (IGC) of the European Union (EU), the Amsterdam Treaty and the whole future of the EU in the period 1997 to 2005-7 has been that of enlargement. Enlargement is not a new phenomenon for the EEC/EU, but the next enlargements are generally regarded as qualitatively different because of the number of states and the challenge that their entry poses to both of them, the states and the Union. The book is framed within the research approach of the English School of International Relations on the enlargement of international society. It connects theoretical aspects with empirical facts and thereby illustrates the Mediterranean enlargement from the view of the entry candidates, the EU and the US.