Contents:Debate Can policies enhance fertility in Europe? (Anne H. Gauthier and Dimiter Philipov)What should be the goal of population policies? Focus on "Balanced Human Capital Development" (Wolfgang Lutz)Some theoretical and methodological comments on the impact of policies on fertility (Anne H. Gauthier)"Can policies enhance fertility in Europe?" and questions beyond (Nikolai Botev)First, do no harm (William P. Butz)Refereed Articles What can fertility indicators tell us about pronatalist policy options? (John Bongaarts)Institutions and the transition to adulthood: Implications for fertility tempo in low-fertility settings (Ronald R. Rindfuss and Sarah R. Brauner-Otto)A review of policies and practices related to the "highest-low" fertility of Sweden (Gunnar Andersson)Fertility trends and differentials in the Nordic countries - Footprints of welfare policies and challenges on the road ahead (Marit Ronsen and Kari Skrede)The impact of the bonus at birth on reproductive behaviour in a lowest-low fertility context: Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy) from 1989 2005 (Giovanna Boccuzzo, Marcantonio Caltabiano, Gianpiero Dalla Zuanna, and Marzia Loghi)Data & Trends (non-refereed contributions)French family policy: long tradition and diversified measures (Ariane Pailhe, Clementine Rossier, and Laurent Toulemon)Family policies in Europe: available databases and initial comparisons (Olivier Thevenon)