Through our research, we have described a comparative analysis of the education of girls compared with boys and the various examples illustrate a socialisation that enshrines violent masculinity in Burundi. The gender differences resulting from socialisation justify the proliferation of gender-based violence in Burundi, including domestic violence, which has been the subject of analysis throughout our research. Indeed, as our study has highlighted, the patriarchal system in force in Burundi reproduces male domination in a socio-cultural context in which women and girls are the most disadvantaged by gender roles. Awareness of the consequences of discrimination against women on the part of various national and international players has prompted them to carry out an in-depth analysis of approaches that would yield rapid results in terms of protecting women's rights. Men have thus become targeted as key players in the fight against gender-based violence, including domestic violence.